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The Varroa mite was first introduced into Florida in 1987. Since then, it has spread throughout North America and controlling this parasite has become the number one concern of most beekeepers. Because the mite, known as Varroa jacobsoni, is introduced onto the European honey bee, the insect has no innate resistance to this parasite. As such, all infested colonies are expected to collapse without some mite control instituted by the beekeeper. The population control of Varroa is a moving target in several ways, not only within a colony, but among colonies.
More on essential oils research, November 2000.
EPA sets tolerance level for coumaphos in beeswax and
honey, September 2000.
New Zealand rejects eradication of Varroa, September
2000.
Varroa destructor: new name for an old
parasite, July 2000.
Varroa mites in New Zealand, June 2000.
International bee meeting on AHB and mites in Tucson,
AZ, May 2000.
Apicure® based on formic acid becomes labeled for
mites, February 2000.
Detecting Varroa using powdered sugar shake, February
2000.
Check-Mite+® label approved, February 2000.
Organic acids, essential oils and taste, January
2000.
Fluvalinate's effects on queens and drones, January
2000.
Varroa-tolerant
honey bees: Tucson Study, December 1999.
Varroa-Virus
connection: UK paper at Apimondia, November 1999.
A
twelve-year review of Varroa in North America, September 1999.
Varroa
a five-species complex; paper at Apimondia, September 1999.
More
on open-mesh floors for Varroa control, August 1999.
Varroa
Control: Bottom Boards and Breeding, June 1999.
Determining
Varroa population levels, March 1999.
Closer
examination of Varroa becoming resistant to pesticides, February 1999.
Varroa
bottom boards; doing the sticky board one better, December 1998.
Varroa
Resistance to fluvalinate confirmed in Florida, August 1998.
AAPA
publication on Varroa mites, June 1998.
The
sticky board: a new apicultural tool, May 1998.
Varroa
management compared to American chestnut, May 1998.
Detecting
Varroa resistance to fluvalinate , April 1998.
Varroa
resistance to fluvalinate rises, April 1998.
Varroa
certification changes in Florida as evidence of mite resistance mounts, February 1998.
More
on Oils of Essence in Mite Control, November 1997.
Status
of Varroa Control With Apistan®, October 1997.
Smoking
Bees: Alarm and Varroa Control, August 1997.
Importance
of Following Up Varroa Treatments, August 1997
Discussion
of Varroa resistant to fluvalinate (Apistan®:) in France, March 1997.
Formic
Acid Registration--Your Comments Needed for Varroa control
Christmas Present for Honey Bees--Thanks to the Agricultural Research Service
Discussion
of oils of essence in Varroa control, January 1997.
Discussion
of experimentation and the use of essential oils in Varroa control, December 1996.
Discussion
of fluvalinate accumulating in the world's beeswax supply, August 1996.
Status
of Varroa in Brazil and on Pacific islands, August 1995.
Sampling methods for Varroa-- latest information, August 1995
Thoughts
on the population dynamics of Varroa, June 1995
Essay
on use of fluvalinate to control Varroa--Use it Right or Lose it is the message, February
1995
Update on mite treatments,. American Beekeeping Federation, Austin, TX January 1995
Varroa
mite connection with new disease called Bee Parasitic Mite Syndrome, December 1994.
Major
article on resistance to pesticides--linking concept to Varroa control, November 1994.
Unapproved
use of fluvalinate in Georgia for Varroa; inspections, April 1994.
More
thoughts on Varroa resistance to fluvalinate, May 1994. This and remarks in March in response to Dr. Yaacov Lensky's remarks in January 1994 about Varroa showing resistance to
fluvalinate in Israel.
How
Varroa mites humbled beekeepers in southern states, October 1993.
The
alternative material Miticur ® for Varroa withdrawn from the market, October 1993.
Information
on problems with the pesticide Miticur ®, September 1993.
How
the Varroa population can radically change with conditions in the colony, August 1993.
Varroa
mites as one part of a standardized management plan, February 1993.
Discussion
of compatiblity issues between Miticur ® and Apistan ®, November 1992.
Reported
Varroa resistance to Apistan ® in Italy, October 1992.
Report
on Varroa research, including bee tolerance, infestation levels and sampling, August 1992.
Discussion
of formic acid use for mite control; recommendations and warnings, July 1992.
Discussion
of monitoring levels of Varroa; what are treatable levels, April 1992.
Varroa
in Egypt in 1989; control methodologies, March 1992.
Pesticide
use in Georgia against mites, November 1991.
Issues
on formic acid use for mites, July 1991.
Apistan
® gets Section 3 general use labelling, November 1990.
Discussion
Varroa detection; new video available (VT 149) , general quiz on
Varroa with answers 1990.
Information
on fluvalinate contamination incident due to Varroa control, August 1990.
APHIS
proposed Varroa rule abruptly withdrawn; analysis of situation., June 1989.
Many
nervous about pesticide use for Varroa; organic honey issue discussed. April 1989.
Costs
and benefits of stock introduction as part of Varroa control strategy, April 1989.
Inserting
Apistan ® strips using innovative methods: a flexible gripper and cold, February 1989.
Negotiated
Rule Making regarding mite movement agreed upon, December 1988.
Varroa Video (VT
249) on detection first released, September 1988
Pesticide
resistance in general and its impact on Varroa control, August 1988.
On
treatment thresholds for Varroa, June 1988.
Section
18 emergency label for Fluvalinate on wooden strips rescinded, March 1988.
Reflections
on using pestides inside a beehive for Varroa control, December 1987
Varroa
research in Florida; historical information, November 1987.
Varroa
first found in Florida: biology, control and detection, October 1987
© 1997, M.T. Sanford, "All Rights Reserved"